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Occupational injuries among perioperative nurses
Kolmašová, Petra ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Haluzíková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled "Occupational injuries of nurses in perioperative care" addresses the issue of occupational health and safety of perioperative nurses. The operating room environment is very specific and perioperative nurses are exposed to various hazards in their work. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and cause of occupational injuries of perioperative nurses in the course of their profession. Methods: In order to achieve the aim of the work, a questionnaire survey was carried out, the target group of which was all perioperative nurses working in the central operating theatres for adults and central operating theatres for children at Motol University Hospital. The survey included 37 completed questionnaires. Results: Based on the statistical evaluation of the data, it was found that 43,24 % of the respondents had an occupational injury in the last year. The most frequent injuries involved sharp instruments, specifically sewing needles and scalpels. The most common circumstance of injury was receiving the instrument from the doctor, due to haste or lack of time. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 59,46 % of the respondents with the highest prevalence of lumbar spine region. Conclusion: The issue of occupational health and safety of perioperative nurses...
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Nursing Perioperative Care in the Cardiac Surgery Department
VÍTKOVÁ, Aneta
The incidence of civilisation diseases is rising not only in the Czech Republic but also worldwide. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases is widely represented in the population. To ensure proper and continuous development in the field of cardiac surgery, seamless interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary, which includes also perioperative nurses. The aim of this thesis is to identify the specifics of nursing care provided by perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and to determine whether these nurses are motivated in the area of lifelong education. The empirical part consisted of both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Nurses were deliberately selected from three different healthcare facilities. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, processed using the "pen and paper" method, and categorized. For the quantitative research was used a non-standardized questionnaire which consisted of 18 questions and was distributed among perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operation theatres throughout the Czech Republic. Distribution was also carried out through NCO NZO (National Centre of Nursing and Non-medical Healthcare fields) and the Faculty of Health Studies in Pardubice. A total of 62 respondents participated in the questionnaire survey. The resulting data was processed using MS Excel and the Realstatistics add-on, with the help of graphs, contingency tables, and statistical calculations. The results of the qualitative research allowed us to map the activities performed by perioperative nurses in the role of a scrub or circulating nurse in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Perioperative nurses carry out a wide range of tasks which include care before, during and after the surgery. Communication and proper functioning of the entire surgical team are also essential. By carefully preparing for the procedure, complying with all duties and fulfilling good workplace relationships, they can provide the best possible care to patients. The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that there is no correlation between years of experience and the motivation of perioperative nurses in cardiac surgery departments for lifelong education, or between the highest level of education attained and their motivation for lifelong education. Despite this, the research had positive results. We found that all perioperative nurses in our research sample are sufficiently motivated for lifelong education. This thesis and its results can be valuable by newly employed perioperative nurses. They can learn basic information about the work of perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and about opportunities for specialization or lifelong education. The section of lifelong education may also be supportive for all other nursing fields.
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Perioperative nutritional care in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer
Slanařová, Barbora ; Staník, Michal (advisor) ; Furdek, Michal (referee)
Perioperative nutritional care is an integral part of the management and accelerated recovery program after radical cystectomy. Currently, there is limited literature dealing about perioperative nutritional care in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. The purpose of the practical part was to determine the effect of preoperative immunomodulating nutrition of ONS type on the postoperative complications and the length of stay in hospital in 25 patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute in 2022, compared to 32 patients without preoperative immunomodulating nutrition who underwent radical cystectomy in 2021. The second efficacy point of the practical part was to investigate the process of specialised perioperative nutritional care held according to a specialised protocol involving patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and to propose a modification of the process in order to improve the quality of nutritional care provided in perioperative period. In our research, preoperative immunomodulating nutrition of ONS type did not significantly affect postoperative complications and length of stay in hospital compared to the retrospective control group without preoperative immunomodulating preparation. Further...
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Hemodynamics in the early stages of the critical illness and in the perioperative setting
Beneš, Jan ; Kasal, Eduard (advisor) ; Málek, Jiří (referee) ; Kroužecký, Aleš (referee) ; Adamus, Milan (referee)
Beneš J.: HEMODYNAMIKA V ČASNÉ FÁZI KRITICKÝCH STAVŮ A PERIOPERAČNÍ MEDICÍNĚ - Využití méně invazivních monitorovacích prostředků k cílené hemodynamické péči ABSTRACT Hemodynamic instability occurs very often in critically ill patients and during the perioperative period. Insufficiency in the preload, contractility and afterload contribute in major part to this phenomenon. Hemodynamic monitoring allows clinicians to recognize and to intervene early the underlying cause. Due to new technologies development in recent years it is possible to provide continuous monitoring of hemodynamic parameters with diminished invasivity. Hemodynamic optimization and goal directed therapy show treatment benefit in some groups of critically ill patients and mainly during the perioperative period. Aim of hemodynamic optimizations is to attain the best obtainable hemodynamic conditions with use of fluid loading and inotropic support. In many studies in recent years goal-directed therapy was associated with morbidity and mortality reduction. According to the results of our clinical research hemodynamic optimization using stroke volume variation and minimally invasive device based on the pressure wave analysis is feasible and show the same results as other works with more invasive devices. Key words Hemodynamic monitoring,...
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The development of job descriptions theatre nurses across half a century
Kalašová, Veronika ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the history of the profession operating nurses, from 1953 to the present, primarily on the development and changes in workload of operating nurses at this time period and educational possibilities. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of the theme, such as perioperative care, job descriptions of the staff in the operating theatre, operating theatre equipments et cetera. The thesis is focused on the differences development in the workload and competencies of the operating nurses throughout the entire period, and the increasing need to understand the technical equipment in the operating theatre and its operation. The aim of this thesis is to map the development in the education and legal regulation for the operating nurses. The second objective is to determine the differences in the character of the operating nurses' work nowadays and 50 years ago. Bachelor's thesis is theoretical and practical nature. To meet the goals and answer research questions was chosen the form of qualitative research, studying of archival documents and the period literature, which has been within the options complemented with structured interviews with witnesses (nurses, even. doctors, and other health care professionals). Keywords: perioperative care, operating rooms, theatre nurse,...
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Assesment of quality of postoperative analgesic care
Rákosová, Andrea ; Burišková, Klára (advisor) ; Hakenová, Renata (referee)
Introduction: The acute postoperative pain management is recently a concern of many expert committees and professional associations. The evidence of an increased interest in this issue is the Practice Guidelines for Acute Pain Management released by American Pain Society. According to these recommendations, the pain should be monitored as a fifth vital function. As a logical consequence of modern trends of pain management, Czech Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine issued guidelines for acute pain management in postoperative setting. This paper is an attempt to describe and evaluate the quality of postoperative analgetic care after total knee and hip replacements in a selected institution's department.………………………………..…………………………………… Methods: The aim of our empirical survey was to assess the level of quality of postoperative care and analgesia in the selected department. We focused mainly on the question of pain trivializing from the nurses side, their approach towards patients suffering from acute pain and, finally, the level of patient's awareness of pain intensity assessment systems and treatment options. Using the quantitative research methods, we evaluated the differences in perceiving of postoperative pain treatment quality from patient's and nurse's point of view. The survey...
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Ethical problems in perioperative care and their impact on patient safety
Wichsová, Jana ; Holmerová, Iva (advisor) ; Munzarová, Marta (referee) ; Fontánová, Anna (referee)
The dissertation examines the ethics of staff in perioperative care. The aim was to analyze the errors that occur during surgery, to determine the participants in perioperative care who commit these mistakes, and to analyze the reasons why these errors occur. The theoretical part deals with the concept of security from different perspectives of patient safety in surgery, and the international guidelines that direct it. The situation in the Czech Republic in terms of care for patient safety in surgery is also described. One chapter deals with the autor's internship in operating rooms in Sweden. Using the results of observations, the empirical part of the dissertation analyzes the actual behaviour of staff in perioperative care during surgery against the binding documents that ensure safe perioperative care. It also sets out the reasons that lead to non-compliance of health and safety regulations in perioperative theatres. In conclusion, I suggest steps that would help to improve the situation. Key words Perioperative care, safety, security, pacient pafety, medical ethics, nursing ethics
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The role of the perioperative nurse in the multidisciplinary team
VOTOČKOVÁ, Nikola
Working in the operating room is challenging and high demands are placed on all members of the operating team, both in terms of professional qualifications and personalities. An integral part of the team is a perioperative nurse who, as a member, plays an irreplaceable role in the team and, together with other team members, strives to achieve a common goal. This bachelor thesis describes the work of a perioperative nurse in a multidisciplinary team in the operating room. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into several areas. The thesis begins with the characteristics of the individual periods of perioperative care and describes the role of the perioperative nurse in each of these periods. Furthermore, this thesis describes the operating room environment and the preparation of the operating group. It informs about qualification and specialization education that is needed to perform the profession of perioperative nurse. The theoretical part concludes with an area that deals with the composition of a multidisciplinary team and communication between its members. The empirical part of this thesis consists of a research investigation. The aim of this work was to determine the role of perioperative nurse in multidisciplinary team. Three research questions have been set to achieve the goal: 1. What are the perioperative nurses' competencies? 2. What are the training opportunities for perioperative nurses? 3. What is the role of a perioperative nurse in a multidisciplinary team? The research was carried out by a qualitative method. Research data were obtained in the form of semi-structured interviews with ten perioperative nurses working in the operating room. The interview contained thirteen pre-prepared questions and other questions were supplemented according to the situation during the interview. The questions were divided into three areas. The first area of questions concerned identification data and education of perioperative nurses, the second area of questions was concerned with activities performed by perioperative nurses in the operating room and the third area focused on interpersonal relationships and team communication. All data obtained was analyzed and divided into categories and subcategories. The research suggests that the main job of the perioperative nurse depends on whether the nurse currently holds the role of an assistant nurse of the so-called orbiting nurse. Both of these roles are specific, especially during the surgery, and work closely together during the surgery. In order for a nurse to become a perioperative nurse and be able to work without supervision, a specialized course is required. These results indicate that nurses are interested in continuing their education in order to perform the work of a perioperative nurse. Patients are at the forefront of the operations team, and although friendly and warm relationships are not always present among the members during surgery, most members respect each other. Survey results can help students and nurses interested in perioperative care. The planned outcome of this work is the publication of the results obtained in a professional periodical.
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Centralization of operating rooms from the perspective of nurses
DRAŽANOVÁ, Monika
The aim of the work: The aim of this thesis is to provide detailed information about organization and operation of today's operating rooms from nurse´s point of view. Operational treatment requires high demands on technical and material equipment, special staff training, perfect adherence to asepse, antisepsis, sterility as well as work organization. The thesis should also introduce the most urgent problems of the current situation of the operating rooms management. The most recent discoveries and proven methods are summarized in a simple and comprehensible form that will serve as a guide for perioperative nurses. Method: Qualitative research methods in the form of a semi-structured interview have been used. This thesis will use the qualitative survey method in the form of a semistructured interview along with snowball sampling. The research consists of respondents with finished specialization in instrumentation for the operating room who are still active in the given field. Current status: The organization and operation room management consists of two functional models. These are so called "sideline sterilization" versus central operating rooms. Both ways have their advantages and disadvantages related to workload, general nursing education, and operating rooms management. However, the least preferred option is a combination of both perioperative operations. Results: The results of the research focused on the centralization and operating rooms management show that "sideline sterilization" is considered an obsolete model of tool sterilization for operating rooms. The results also show that the model of central operating rooms with the combination of central sterilization is more modern and efficient both in terms of expenses and effort, not just for nurses but for all healthcare professionals. Conclusion: In accordance with the aim of this work the issue of centralization of operating rooms is pointed out, considering both the construction with the necessity to follow all known procedures in compliance with aseptic conditions, as well as the need of good management or nurse education. The results can be used for further research and as a further source of information for non-medical fields, mainly perioperative care.
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Monitoring quality indikators of anesthesilogy care
Šimonová, Petra ; Jeřábková, Lenka (advisor) ; Dynáková, Šárka (referee)
Safety and quality of care are considered to be one of the main priorities in anaesthesia and their management and monitoring should be continuous and systematic. Quality indicators in anaesthesia must be frequently evaluated. Their evidence and evaluation create not only safe environment for patients but also continuously improve quality of anaesthesiologic care. The main objective of this diploma thesis was to evaluate patient's satisfaction with provided anaesthesiologic care, one of the main quality indicators in anaesthesia. Other objectives were research of quality indicators recommended in the Czech Republic and quality indicators recommended by foreign medical societies. The last partial objective was to create quality indicators checklist tailored for specific department of anaesthesiology based on collected data. Quantitative method research was conducted, using unstandardised questionnaire for patients, hospitalized and anaesthetised. 140 questionnaires were distributed of which 117 questionnaires returned. Based on objective the author of diploma thesis found out that Czech society of anaesthesia, resuscitation and intensive care determines quality indicators monitored in the Czech Republic. Quality indicators in foreign countries are in form of criteria that are necessary to adhere to....
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